Ukufakela kunye nokugcina iNkqubo yoMbane yoMoya omncinci

Umenzi wenkqubo yakho yomoya, okanye umthengisi apho uthenge khona, kufuneka abe nako ukukunceda ufakele isixokelelwano sakho sombane esincinci somoya.Ungayifakela inkqubo ngokwakho - kodwa ngaphambi kokuba uzame iprojekthi, zibuze le mibuzo ilandelayo:

• Ngaba ndingagalela isiseko esifanelekileyo sesamente?
• Ngaba ndinokufikelela kwilifti okanye indlela yokumisa inqaba ngokukhuselekileyo?
• Ngaba ndiyawazi umahluko phakathi kombane otshintshayo (AC) kunye nocingo oluthe ngqo lwangoku (DC)?
• Ngaba ndiyazi ngokwaneleyo malunga nombane ukuze ndifake iingcingo ezikhuselekileyo zeinjini yomoya?
• Ngaba ndiyayazi indlela yokuphatha ngokukhuselekileyo kunye nokufaka iibhetri?

Ukuba uphendule ngokuthi hayi kuwo nawuphi na kule mibuzo ingasentla, ungakhetha ukufakela isixokelelwano sakho ngumhlanganisi wenkqubo okanye umfaki.Qhagamshelana nomvelisi ngoncedo, okanye qhagamshelana ne-ofisi yakho yamandla karhulumente kunye nezinto eziluncedo zasekuhlaleni kuluhlu lwabafakeli benkqubo yasekuhlaleni.Ungajonga kwakhona amaphepha atyheli kubanikezeli benkonzo benkqubo yamandla omoya.

Umfaki othembekileyo unokubonelela ngeenkonzo ezongezelelweyo ezifana nemvume.Fumanisa ukuba umfakeli ngumbane onelayisensi, kwaye ucele iimbekiselo kwaye uzijonge.Ungaphinda ufune ukujonga kwiBusiness Business Bureau.

Ngokufakela kunye nokugcinwa okufanelekileyo, inkqubo yombane omncinci womoya kufuneka ihlale iminyaka engama-20 okanye ngaphezulu.Ulondolozo lonyaka lungabandakanya:

• Ukukhangela kunye nokuqinisa iibholithi kunye nokudibanisa kombane njengoko kuyimfuneko
• Ukukhangela umhlwa koomatshini kunye neengcingo zomfana ukuba akukho xinzelelo olufanelekileyo
• Ukukhangela kunye nokubuyisela nayiphi na iteyiphu engaphambili esele igugile kwiincakuba zeinjini yomoya, ukuba kufanelekile
• Ukutshintsha amaphiko einjini yomoya kunye/okanye iibheringi emva kweminyaka eli-10 ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Ukuba awunabo ubuchule bokugcina inkqubo, isifakeli sakho sinokubonelela ngenkonzo kunye nenkqubo yokulondoloza.

Umenzi wenkqubo yakho okanye umthengisi unokukunceda ekufumaneni eyona ndawo ilungileyo yesixokelelwano sakho somoya.Ezinye iingqwalasela jikelele ziquka:

• Iingqwalasela zoMthombo woMoya-Ukuba uhlala kumhlaba onzima, qaphela xa ukhetha indawo yokufaka.Ukuba ubeka i-injini yomoya yakho phezulu okanye kwicala elinomoya lenduli, umzekelo, uya kuba nofikelelo olungaphezulu kwimimoya ekhoyo kunakwi-gully okanye kwicala le-leeward (elikhuselweyo) lenduli kwipropati enye.Unokuba nemithombo eyahlukeneyo yomoya ngaphakathi kwepropati enye.Ukongeza kumlinganiselo okanye ukufumanisa malunga nezantya zonyaka zomoya, kufuneka wazi malunga nezalathiso ezikhoyo zomoya kwindawo yakho.Ukongeza kubume bejoloji, kufuneka uqwalasele imiqobo ekhoyo, njengemithi, izindlu, kunye neeshedi.Kufuneka kwakhona ucwangcise izithintelo ezizayo, ezifana nezakhiwo ezitsha okanye imithi engakhange ifike kubude bayo obupheleleyo.Iinjini yomoya yakho kufuneka ibekwe phezulu kuzo naziphi na izakhiwo kunye nemithi, kwaye kufuneka iphakame kangangeemitha ezingama-30 ngaphezu kwayo nantoni na phakathi kweemitha ezingama-300.
• Iingqwalasela zeNkqubo- Qiniseka ukuba ushiya indawo eyaneleyo yokunyusa kunye nokunciphisa inqaba yokugcinwa.Ukuba inqaba yakho igudiwe, kuya kufuneka uvumele indawo yeengcingo zabafana.Ingaba inkqubo izimele yodwa okanye i-grid-iqhagamshelwe, kuya kufuneka kwakhona ukuba uthathe ubude bocingo oluqhutywe phakathi kwe-turbine kunye nomthwalo (indlu, iibhetri, iimpompo zamanzi, njl. njl.) ingqwalasela.Isixa esikhulu sombane sinokulahleka ngenxa yokunganyangeki kweengcingo-okukhona ucingo lubalekayo, kokukhona ulahleka ngakumbi umbane.Ukusebenzisa ucingo olungaphezulu okanye olukhulu kuya konyusa ixabiso lokufakela kwakho.Ilahleko yakho yocingo iba nkulu xa unomsinga othe ngqo (DC) endaweni yokutshintshatshintsha (AC).Ukuba unocingo olude, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uguqule i-DC ukuya kwi-AC.

Iiinjini zomoya ezincinci ezisetyenziswa kwizicelo zokuhlala zihlala ziqala ngobukhulu ukusuka kwiiwathi ezingama-400 ukuya kuma-20 eekhilowathi, kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bombane ofuna ukuwenza.

Ikhaya eliqhelekileyo lisebenzisa malunga ne-10,932 yeekhilowatt-iiyure zombane ngonyaka (malunga nama-911 eekilowatt-iiyure ngenyanga).Ngokuxhomekeke kumndilili wesantya somoya kummandla, i-injini yomoya elinganiswe kuluhlu lwe-5-15 kilowatts ingafuneka ukwenza igalelo elibalulekileyo kule mfuno.I-injini yomoya eyi-1.5-kilowatt iya kuhlangabezana neemfuno zekhaya elifuna i-300 kilowatt-iiyure ngenyanga kwindawo ene-14 yemayile ngeyure (6.26 yeemitha-ngesekhondi) isantya sonyaka esiphakathi.

Ukukunceda ukuba uqonde ukuba loluphi ubungakanani beturbine oza kuyidinga, qala wenze uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwamandla.Ngenxa yokuba ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kudla ngokungabizi kakhulu kunemveliso yamandla, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kombane kwikhaya lakho mhlawumbi kuya kuba neendleko eziphezulu kwaye kuya kunciphisa ubungakanani beinjini yomoya oyifunayo.

Ukuphakama kwenqaba yeinjini yomoya nako kuchaphazela ubungakanani bombane oza kuveliswa yiinjini yomoya.Umvelisi kufuneka akuncede uqonde ubude benqaba oya kuyidinga.

Uqikelelo lwamandla onyaka ophuma kwi-injini yomoya (kwii-kilowatt-iiyure ngonyaka) yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokumisela ukuba yona kunye nenqaba iya kuvelisa umbane owaneleyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zakho.

Umenzi weinjini yomoya unokukunceda ukuba uqikelele imveliso yamandla onokuyilindela.Umvelisi uya kusebenzisa ubalo olusekwe kule miba:

• Ngokukodwa ijiko lamandla eijini yomoya
• I-avareji yesantya somoya sonyaka kwindawo yakho
• Ukuphakama kwenqaba oceba ukuyisebenzisa
• Ukusasazwa rhoqo komoya – uqikelelo lwenani leeyure umoya oza kubhudla ngalo kwisantya ngasinye kwi-avareji yonyaka.

Umenzi kufuneka kwakhona alungelelanise olu balo ukwenzela ukuphakama kwendawo yakho.

Ukufumana uqikelelo lokuqala lokusebenza kweinjini yomoya ethile, ungasebenzisa le fomula ilandelayo:

AEO= 0.01328 D²V³

Apho:

• AEO = Imveliso yamandla yonyaka (iiyure zekilowatt/ngonyaka)
• D = Ububanzi be-Rotor, iinyawo
• V = Umyinge wesantya somoya wonyaka, imayile-ngeyure (mph), kwindawo yakho

Qaphela: umahluko phakathi kwamandla kunye namandla kukuba amandla (i-kilowatts) yizinga apho umbane usetyenziswa khona, ngelixa amandla (iiyure ze-kilowatt) ngubungakanani obusetyenzisiweyo.

Iinkqubo ezincinci zamandla omoya zinokudityaniswa kwinkqubo yokuhambisa umbane.Ezi zibizwa ngokuba ziinkqubo eziqhagamshelwe kwigridi.I-injini yomoya eqhagamshelwe kwigridi ingacutha usetyenziso lwakho lombane obonelelwa ngombane ukuze ukhanyise, izixhobo zombane, kunye nobushushu bombane.Ukuba i-injini yomoya ayikwazi ukuhambisa umthamo wamandla owufunayo, into eluncedo yenza umahluko.Xa isixokelelwano somoya sivelisa umbane omninzi kunoko ufunwa likhaya lakho, umxakatho uyathunyelwa okanye uthengiselwe umbane.

Ngolu hlobo loqhagamshelwano lwegridi, i-injini yomoya yakho iya kusebenza kuphela xa igridi yoncedo ikhona.Ngexesha lokuhamba kombane, i-injini yomoya iyadingeka ukuba ivale ngenxa yeenkxalabo zokhuseleko.

Iisistim eziqhagamshelwe kwigridi zinokusebenza ukuba kukho ezi meko zilandelayo:

• Uhlala kwindawo enomyinge wesantya sonyaka ubuncinane seemayile ezili-10 ngeyure (iimitha ezi-4.5 ngomzuzwana).
• Umbane obonelelwa ngezinto eziluncedo uyabiza kwindawo yakho (malunga ne-10–15 yeesenti ngekilowatt-yure).
• Iimfuno zoncedo zokudibanisa inkqubo yakho kwigridi yayo ayibizi kakhulu.

Kukho inkuthazo efanelekileyo yokuthengiswa kombane ogqithisileyo okanye ukuthengwa kweeinjini zomoya.Imithetho ye-Federal (ngokukodwa, uMthetho weMigaqo yoLawulo lokuSebenza koLuntu ka-1978, okanye i-PURPA) ifuna izinto eziluncedo ukudibanisa kunye nokuthenga amandla kwiinkqubo ezincinci zamandla omoya.Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka uqhagamshelane nezinto zakho eziluncedo ngaphambi kokuba uqhagamshelwe kwiintambo zayo zokuhambisa ukujongana nawo nawuphi na umgangatho wamandla kunye neenkxalabo zokhuseleko.

Into eluncedo yakho inokukunika uluhlu lweemfuno zokudibanisa inkqubo yakho kwigridi.Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi, bonaIinkqubo zamandla zasekhaya eziqhagamshelwe ngegridi.

Amandla omoya angasetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ze-off-grid, ezikwabizwa ngokuba zii-stand-alone systems, ezingaqhagamshelwanga kwisixokelelwano sokuhambisa umbane okanye igridi.Kwezi zicelo, iinkqubo zombane ezincinci zomoya zingasetyenziswa ngokudityaniswa namanye amacandelo - kubandakanywa ainkqubo yombane yelanga encinci– ukwenza iinkqubo zamandla ezixutyiweyo.Iinkqubo zamandla engxubevange zinokubonelela ngombane othembekileyo ongekho kwigridi kumakhaya, iifama, okanye noluntu luphela (iprojekthi yokudityaniswa kwezindlu, umzekelo) ezikude kwimigca eluncedo ekufutshane.

Isixokelelwano sombane esingekho kwigridi, esixutyiweyo sinokuba luncedo kuwe ukuba izinto ezingezantsi zichaza imeko yakho:

• Uhlala kwindawo enomyinge wesantya sonyaka ubuncinane seemayile ezisi-9 ngeyure (iimitha ezi-4.0 ngomzuzwana).
• Uqhagamshelo lwegridi alufumaneki okanye lunokwenziwa kuphela ngolwandiso oluduru.Iindleko zokuqhuba umgca wamandla kwindawo ekude ukuze udibanise negridi yenkonzo ingaba yinto engathandekiyo, ukusuka kwi-$ 15,000 ukuya kwi-$ 50,000 ngekhilomitha nganye, kuxhomekeke kumhlaba.
• Ungathanda ukufumana ukuzimela kwamandla kwizinto eziluncedo.
• Ungathanda ukwenza amandla acocekileyo.

Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe, jonga ukusebenza kwesixokelelwano sakho ngaphandle kwegridi.