Ibhekisa kwinkqubo yokuvelisa ukuguqula amandla ombane, amandla efosili (amalahle, i-oyile, irhasi yendalo) amandla ashushu, amandla enyukliya, amandla elanga, amandla omoya, amandla avela kumhlaba, amandla olwandle, njl.njl. amandla ombane ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zokuvelisa umbane, ebizwa ngokuba yimveliso yamandla.Isetyenziselwa ukubonelela iimfuno zamacandelo ahlukeneyo oqoqosho lwesizwe kunye nobomi babantu.Izixhobo zokuvelisa umbane zihlelwa ngokofakelo lwamandla ashushu, izixhobo zombane oqhutywa ngamanzi, izixhobo zamandla enyukliya kunye nezinye izixhobo zokuvelisa amandla ngokohlobo lwamandla.Umzi-mveliso wamandla obushushu oshushu unezibhoyila zeplanti yombane, iiinjini zomphunga, iijenereyitha (ezidla ngokubizwa ngokuba ziinjini ezintathu eziphambili) kunye nezixhobo ezincedisayo.Umzi-mveliso wamandla ombane owenziwe ngamanzi uquka iseti yejenereyitha yeinjini yamanzi, irhuluneli, isixhobo sokwenza umbane kunye nezinye izixhobo ezincedisayo.Iziko lamandla enyukliya liquka isixhobo sokwenza amandla enyukliya, ijenereyitha yomphunga, iseti yejenereyitha yeinjini yomphunga kunye nezinye izixhobo ezincedisayo.Amandla ombane kulula ukulawula kuneminye imithombo yamandla kwimveliso, ukuhanjiswa kunye nokusetyenziswa.Ngoko ke, ngumthombo wamandla wesibini ofanelekileyo.Ukuveliswa kwamandla kusembindini weshishini lamandla, elimisela ubungakanani boshishino lwamandla kwaye likwachaphazela uphuhliso losasazo, inguqu, kunye nokusasazwa kwinkqubo yamandla.Ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1980, ezona ndlela ziphambili zokwenziwa kombane ibikukuveliswa kombane oshushu, ukuveliswa kombane ngamanzi kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla enyukliya, kwaye ezi zizukulwana ezithathu zibalele ngaphezu kwe-99% yombane uwonke.Ngenxa yempembelelo yamalahle, i-oyile, imithombo yerhasi yendalo kunye nongcoliseko lokusingqongileyo, umyinge wokuveliswa kwamandla obushushu ehlabathini wehle ukusuka malunga nama-70% ukuya malunga nama-64% ngeminyaka yoo-1980;Umbane owenziwe ngamanzi uphantse waphuhliswa ngenxa yemithombo yamanzi ephuhliswe kwimizi-mveliso.I-90%, ngoko ke umlinganiselo ugcinwa malunga ne-20%;umyinge wokuveliswa kwamandla enyukliya uyenyuka, kwaye ekupheleni kuka-1980, ube udlule kwi-15%.Oku kubonisa ukuba ngokunqongophala kwamafutha efosili, amandla enyukliya aya kuqwalaselwa ngakumbi nangakumbi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-02-2021